CONTRACT LAW OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA（5）

第十八章 技术合同 Chapter Eighteen Technology Contracts
第一节 一般规定 Section One General Provisions
第三百二十二条技术合同是当事人就技术开发、转让、咨询或者服务订立的确立相互之间权利和义务的合同。
Article 322 Definition of Technology Contract 　　A technology contract is a contract whereby the parties prescribe their rights and obligations in respect of the development or transfer of technology, or in respect of technical consulting or service.
第三百二十三条订立技术合同，应当有利于科学技术的进步，加速科学技术成果的转化、应用和推广。
Article 323 General Requirements Concerning Technology Contract 　　Conclusion of a technology contract shall be conducive to the advancement of science and technology, and expedite the conversion, application and dissemination of scientific and technological achievements.
第三百二十四条技术合同的内容由当事人约定，一般包括以下条款：
Article 324 Terms of Technology Contract; Patents 　　Terms of a technology contract shall be prescribed by the parties, and generally include the following:
（一）项目名称；(i) project name;
（二）标的的内容、范围和要求；(ii) contents, scope and requirement of the subject matter;
（三）履行的计划、进度、期限、地点、地域和方式；(iii) the plan, schedule, period, place, territory and method of performance;
（四）技术情报和资料的保密；(iv) confidentiality of technical information and materials;
（五）风险责任的承担；(v) allocation of responsibilities for risks;
（六）技术成果的归属和收益的分成办法；(vi) ownership of the technology and allocation of benefits accrued therefrom;
（七）验收标准和方法；(vii) standard applicable to and method of acceptance test;
（八）价款、报酬或者使用费及其支付方式；(viii)price, remuneration or licensing fee and the method of payment;
（九）违约金或者损失赔偿的计算方法；(ix) liquidated damages or method for calculation of damages;
（十）解决争议的方法；(x) method of dispute resolution;
（十一）名词和术语的解释。(xi) definition of terms and phrases.
与履行合同有关的技术背景资料、可行性论证和技术评价报告、项目任务书和计划书、技术标准、技术规范、原始设计和工艺文件，以及其他技术文档，按照当事人的约定可以作为合同的组成部分。
The parties may agree to include the following materials relating to the performance of the contract as an integral part thereof: technical background information, feasibility studies and technical evaluation report, project task matrix and project plan, technical standard, technical specifications, original design and technique documents, as well as other technical documentation.
技术合同涉及专利的，应当注明发明创造的名称、专利申请人和专利权人、申请日期、申请号、专利号以及专利权的有效期限。
Where the technology contract involves any patent, it shall set forth the name of the invention/innovation, the patent applicant and the patentee, the date of application, the application number, patent number and the term of the patent.
第三百二十五条技术合同价款、报酬或者使用费的支付方式由当事人约定，可以采取一次总算、一次总付或者一次总算、分期支付，也可以采取提成支付或者提成支付附加预付入门费的方式。
Article 325 Payment Method; Royalty 　　The method for payment of the price, remuneration or licensing fee under a technology contract shall be prescribed by the parties, who may prescribe lump-sum payment based on one-time calculation or installment payment based on one-time calculation, and may also prescribe royalty payment or royalty payment plus advance payment of initial fee.
约定提成支付的，可以按照产品价格、实施专利和使用技术秘密后新增的产值、利润或者产品销售额的一定比例提成，也可以按照约定的其他方式计算。提成支付的比例可以采取固定比例、逐年递增比例或者逐年递减比例。
Where a royalty payment method is prescribed, the royalty may be calculated as a percentage of the product price, any increase in product value resulting from exploitation of the patent or use of the technical secret, profit, or product sales, and may also be calculated by any other method prescribed by the parties. The royalty rate may be fixed or subject to annual increase or decrease.
约定提成支付的，当事人应当在合同中约定查阅有关会计帐目的办法。
Where a royalty payment is prescribed, the parties shall prescribe in the contract a method for inspection of the relevant accounting books.
第三百二十六条职务技术成果的使用权、转让权属于法人或者其他组织的，法人或者其他组织可以就该项职务技术成果订立技术合同。法人或者其他组织应当从使用和转让该项职务技术成果所取得的收益中提取一定比例，对完成该项职务技术成果的个人给予奖励或者报酬。法人或者其他组织订立技术合同转让职务技术成果时，职务技术成果的完成人享有以同等条件优先受让的权利。
Article 326 Employee-developed Technology; Definition 　　Where the right to use and the right to transfer employee-developed technology belong to a legal person or an organization of any other nature, the legal person or organization may enter into a technology contract in respect of such employee-developed technology. The legal person or organization shall reward or remunerate the individual(s) who developed the technology with a percentage of the benefits accrued from the use and transfer of the employee-developed technology. Where the legal person or organization is to enter into a technology contract for the transfer of the employee-developed technology, the employee-developer has the right of first refusal under the same conditions.
职务技术成果是执行法人或者其他组织的工作任务，或者主要是利用法人或者其他组织的物质技术条件所完成的技术成果。
An employee-developed technology is a technology developed in the course of completing a task assigned by a legal person or an organization of any other nature, or developed by primarily utilizing the material and technical resources thereof.
第三百二十七条非职务技术成果的使用权、转让权属于完成技术成果的个人，完成技术成果的个人可以就该项非职务技术成果订立技术合同。
Article 327 Non-employee-developed Technology 　　The right to use and the right to transfer non-employee-developed technology belong to the individual developer, who may enter into a technology contract in respect thereof.
第三百二十八条完成技术成果的个人有在有关技术成果文件上写明自己是技术成果完成者的权利和取得荣誉证书、奖励的权利。
Article 328 Individual’s Rights with Respect to Technology Developed Thereby 　　The individual who developed the technology is entitled to identify himself as the developer in the documentation related thereto, and to receive honor certificate and reward.
第三百二十九条非法垄断技术、妨碍技术进步或者侵害他人技术成果的技术合同无效。
Article 329 Invalidity of Technology-monopolizing and Infringing Contract 　　A technology contract which illegally monopolizes technology, impairs technological advancement or infringes on the technology of a third person is invalid.
第二节 技术开发合同Section Two Technology Development Contract
第三百三十条技术开发合同是指当事人之间就新技术、新产品、新工艺或者新材料及其系统的研究开发所订立的合同。
Article 330 Definition of Technology Development Contract 　　A technology development contract is a contract concluded in respect of the development of a new technology, product, technique or material and the associated system.
技术开发合同包括委托开发合同和合作开发合同。
Technology development contracts include commissioned development contracts and cooperative development contracts.
技术开发合同应当采用书面形式。
A technology development contract shall be in writing.
当事人之间就具有产业应用价值的科技成果实施转化订立的合同，参照技术开发合同的规定。
A contract on the conversion of a scientific achievement with potential for industrial application is governed by reference to the provisions applicable to technology development contracts.
第三百三十一条委托开发合同的委托人应当按照约定支付研究开发经费和报酬；
Article 331 Obligations of Commissioning Party 　　The commissioning party under a commissioned development contract shall, in accordance with the contract, provide development funds and pay remuneration; supply technical materials and original data; complete its tasks of cooperation; and accept the developed technology.
提供技术资料、原始数据；完成协作事项；接受研究开发成果。
Article 332 Obligations of Developer in Commissioned Development 　　The developer under a commissioned development contract shall, in accordance with the contract, prepare and implement the development plan; use development funds in a reasonable manner; timely complete the development and deliver the developed technology, as well as provide the relevant technical materials and necessary technical guidance so as to help the commissioning party master the developed technology.
第三百三十二条委托开发合同的研究开发人应当按照约定制定和实施研究开发计划；合理使用研究开发经费；按期完成研究开发工作，交付研究开发成果，提供有关的技术资料和必要的技术指导，帮助委托人掌握研究开发成果。
Article 333 Commissioning Party’s Breach 　　Where the commissioning party breached the contract, thereby causing stoppage, delay or failure of the development, it shall be liable for breach of contract.
第三百三十三条委托人违反约定造成研究开发工作停滞、延误或者失败的，应当承担违约责任。
Article 334 Developer’s Breach
第三百三十四条研究开发人违反约定造成研究开发工作停滞、延误或者失败的，应当承担违约责任。
Where the developer breached the contract, thereby causing stoppage, delay or failure of the development, it shall be liable for breach of contract.
第三百三十五条合作开发合同的当事人应当按照约定进行投资，包括以技术进行投资；分工参与研究开发工作；协作配合研究开发工作。
Article 335 Obligations of Parties in Cooperative Development 　　Parties to a cooperative development contract shall, in accordance with the contract, make investment, including investment in the form of technology; participate in the development by performing their respective tasks; and cooperate with each other in the development.
第三百三十六条合作开发合同的当事人违反约定造成研究开发工作停滞、延误或者失败的，应当承担违约责任。
Article 336 Breach of Cooperative Contract 　　Where a party to a cooperative development contract breached the contract, thereby causing stoppage, delay or failure of the development, it shall be liable for breach of contract.
第三百三十七条因作为技术开发合同标的的技术已经由他人公开，致使技术开发合同的履行没有意义的，当事人可以解除合同。
Article 337 Termination of Contract in Case Technology Becomes Public 　　Where the technology which is the subject matter of a technology development contract was made public by a third person, thereby rendering performance of the technology development contract no longer meaningful, the parties may terminate the contract.
第三百三十八条在技术开发合同履行过程中，因出现无法克服的技术困难，致使研究开发失败或者部分失败的，该风险责任由当事人约定。没有约定或者约定不明确，依照本法第六十一条的规定仍不能确定的，风险责任由当事人合理分担。
Article 338 Allocation of Responsibility for Risk of Failure; Duty to Inform upon Discovery of Circumstance Which May Lead to Failure 　　If in the course of implementing a technology development contract, the development failed in whole or in part due to any insurmountable technical difficulty, allocation of the responsibility for such risk shall be prescribed by the parties. Where the allocation of responsibility for such risk was not prescribed or clearly prescribed, and cannot be determined in accordance with Article 61 hereof, it shall be shared by the parties in a reasonable manner.
当事人一方发现前款规定的可能致使研究开发失败或者部分失败的情形时，应当及时通知另一方并采取适当措施减少损失。没有及时通知并采取适当措施，致使损失扩大的，应当就扩大的损失承担责任。
Where a party discovers any circumstance which may lead to the failure of the development in whole or in part as described in the previous paragraph, it shall timely notify the other party and take the appropriate measures to mitigate loss; where the party failed to timely notify the other party and take the appropriate measures, thereby causing further loss, it shall be liable for such further loss.
第三百三十九条委托开发完成的发明创造，除当事人另有约定的以外，申请专利的权利属于研究开发人。研究开发人取得专利权的，委托人可以免费实施该专利。
Article 339 Right to Patent Application in Commissioned Development 　　Unless otherwise agreed by the parties, the right to apply for patent on the invention/innovation resulting from a commissioned development belongs to the developer. Where the developer is granted a patent, the commissioning party may exploit such patent free of charge.
研究开发人转让专利申请权的，委托人享有以同等条件优先受让的权利。
Where the developer is to assign the right to apply for patent on the invention/innovation resulting from the commissioned development, the commissioning party has the right of first refusal under the same conditions.
第三百四十条合作开发完成的发明创造，除当事人另有约定的以外，申请专利的权利属于合作开发的当事人共有。当事人一方转让其共有的专利申请权的，其他各方享有以同等条件优先受让的权利。
Article 340 Right to Patent Application in Cooperative Development 　　Unless otherwise agreed by the parties, the right to apply for patent on the invention/innovation resulting from a cooperative development belongs to the parties therein jointly. Where a party is to assign its joint patent application right, the other parties have the right of first refusal under the same conditions.
合作开发的当事人一方声明放弃其共有的专利申请权的，可以由另一方单独申请或者由其他各方共同申请。申请人取得专利权的，放弃专利申请权的一方可以免费实施该专利。
Where a party in the cooperative development declares a waiver of its joint patent application right, the other party may apply by itself, or the other parties may jointly apply, as the case may be. Where a patent is granted on the invention/innovation, the party waiving its patent application right may exploit such patent free of charge.
合作开发的当事人一方不同意申请专利的，另一方或者其他各方不得申请专利。
If a party in the cooperative development does not consent to the application for patent, the other party or parties may not apply for patent.
第三百四十一条委托开发或者合作开发完成的技术秘密成果的使用权、转让权以及利益的分配办法，由当事人约定。没有约定或者约定不明确，依照本法第六十一条的规定仍不能确定的，当事人均有使用和转让的权利，但委托开发的研究开发人不得在向委托人交付研究开发成果之前，将研究开发成果转让给第三人。
Article 341 Right to Use or Transfer Technical Secret 　　The right to use and transfer the technical secret resulting from a commissioned or cooperative development, and the method for allocation of benefits accrued therefrom shall be prescribed by the parties. Where such matters were not prescribed or clearly prescribed, and cannot be determined in accordance with Article 61 hereof, all of the parties are entitled to use and transfer the technology, provided that the developer in a commissioned development may not transfer the technology to a third person before it delivers the technology to the commissioning party.
第三节 技术转让合同Section Three Technology Transfer Contracts
第三百四十二条技术转让合同包括专利权转让、专利申请权转让、技术秘密转让、专利实施许可合同。
Article 342 Types of Technology Transfer Contract 　　Technology transfer contracts include contracts for the assignment of patent, assignment of patent application right, transfer of technical secrets, and patent licensing.
技术转让合同应当采用书面形式。
A technology transfer contract shall be in writing.
第三百四十三条技术转让合同可以约定让与人和受让人实施专利或者使用技术秘密的范围，但不得限制技术竞争和技术发展。
Article 343 Limit on Scope of Implementation May Not Restrict Competition 　　A technology transfer contract may set forth the scope of exploitation of the patent or the use of the technical secret by the transferor and the transferee, provided that it may not restrict technological competition and technological development.
第三百四十四条专利实施许可合同只在该专利权的存续期间内有效。专利权有效期限届满或者专利权被宣布无效的，专利权人不得就该专利与他人订立专利实施许可合同。
Article 344 Term of Patent Licensing Contract May Not Exceed Patent Term 　　A patent licensing contract is only valid during the term of the patent. Where the term of the patent expires or the patent is invalidated, the patentee may not enter into a patent licensing contract with any other person in respect thereof.
第三百四十五条专利实施许可合同的让与人应当按照约定许可受让人实施专利，交付实施专利有关的技术资料，提供必要的技术指导。
Article 345 Obligations of Patent Licensor 　　The transferor under a patent licensing contract shall, in accordance with the contract, license the patent to the transferee, deliver the technical materials related to the exploitation of the patent, and provide the necessary technical guidance.
第三百四十六条专利实施许可合同的受让人应当按照约定实施专利，不得许可约定以外的第三人实施该专利；并按照约定支付使用费。
Article 346 Obligations of Patent Licensee 　　The transferee under a patent licensing contract shall exploit the patent in accordance with the contract and may not license the patent to any third person except as provided in the contract; and shall pay the licensing fee in accordance with the contract.
第三百四十七条技术秘密转让合同的让与人应当按照约定提供技术资料，进行技术指导，保证技术的实用性、可*性，承担保密义务。
Article 347 Obligations of Transferor of Technical Secret 　　The transferor under a contract for transfer of technical secret shall, in accordance with the contract, supply the technical materials, provide technical guidance, and warrant the practical applicability and reliability of the technology, and shall abide by its confidentiality obligations.
第三百四十八条技术秘密转让合同的受让人应当按照约定使用技术，支付使用费，承担保密义务。
Article 348 Obligations of Transferee of Technical Secret 　　The transferee under a contract for transfer of technical secret shall, in accordance with the contract, use the technology, pay the licensing fee and abide by its confidentiality obligations.
第三百四十九条技术转让合同的让与人应当保证自己是所提供的技术的合法拥有者，并保证所提供的技术完整、无误、有效，能够达到约定的目标。
Article 349 Warranty of Title, Completeness, Correctness and Effectiveness 　　The transferor under a technology transfer contract shall warrant that it is the lawful owner of the technology provided, and shall warrant that the technology provided is complete, free from error, effective, and capable of achieving the prescribed goals.
第三百五十条技术转让合同的受让人应当按照约定的范围和期限，对让与人提供的技术中尚未公开的秘密部分，承担保密义务。
Article 350 Transferee’s Confidentiality Obligations 　　The transferee under a technology transfer contract shall, to the prescribed extent and within the prescribed period, abide by its confidentiality obligations in respect of the non-public and secret portion of the technology provided by the transferor.
第三百五十一条让与人未按照约定转让技术的，应当返还部分或者全部使用费，并应当承担违约责任；实施专利或者使用技术秘密超越约定的范围的，违反约定擅自许可第三人实施该项专利或者使用该项技术秘密的，应当停止违约行为，承担违约责任；违反约定的保密义务的，应当承担违约责任。
Article 351 Transferor’s Liabilities for Breach 　　Where the transferor failed to transfer technology in accordance with the contract, it shall refund the licensing fee in part or in whole, and shall be liable for breach of contract; where the transferor exploited the patent or used the technical secret beyond the prescribed scope, or unilaterally allowed the patent to be exploited or the technical secret to be used by a third person in breach of the contract, it shall cease the breach and be liable for breach of contract; where the transferor breached any prescribed confidentiality obligation, it shall be liable for breach of contract.
第三百五十二条受让人未按照约定支付使用费的，应当补交使用费并按照约定支付违约金；不补交使用费或者支付违约金的，应当停止实施专利或者使用技术秘密，交还技术资料，承担违约责任；实施专利或者使用技术秘密超越约定的范围的，未经让与人同意擅自许可第三人实施该专利或者使用该技术秘密的，应当停止违约行为，承担违约责任；违反约定的保密义务的，应当承担违约责任。
Article 352 Transferee’s Liabilities for Breach 　　Where the transferee failed to pay the prescribed licensing fee, it shall pay the overdue licensing fee and pay liquidated damages in accordance with the contract; where it failed to pay the overdue licensing fee and liquidated damages, it shall cease exploitation of the patent or use of the technical secret, return the technical materials, and be liable for breach of contract; where the transferee exploited the patent or used the technical secret beyond the prescribed scope, or allowed the patent to be exploited or the technical secret to be used by a third person without consent by the transferor in breach of the contract, it shall cease the breach and be liable for breach of contract; where the transferee breached any prescribed confidentiality obligation, it shall be liable for breach of contract.
第三百五十三条受让人按照约定实施专利、使用技术秘密侵害他人合法权益的，由让与人承担责任，但当事人另有约定的除外。
Article 353 Transferor Liable in Case of Infringement; Exception 　　Where the exploitation of the patent or the use of the technical secret by the transferee in accordance with the contract infringes on the lawful interests of any other person, the liability shall be borne by the transferor, except otherwise agreed by the parties.
第三百五十四条当事人可以按照互利的原则，在技术转让合同中约定实施专利、使用技术秘密后续改进的技术成果的分享办法。没有约定或者约定不明确，依照本法第六十一条的规定仍不能确定的，一方后续改进的技术成果，其他各方无权分享。
Article 354 Sharing of Improvement 　　The parties may, on the basis of mutual benefit, provide in the technology transfer contract for the method of sharing any subsequent improvement resulting from the exploitation of the patent or use of the technical secret. If such method was not prescribed or clearly prescribed, and cannot be determined in accordance with Article 61 hereof, neither party is entitled to share any subsequent improvement made by the other party.
第三百五十五条法律、行政法规对技术进出口合同或者专利、专利申请合同另有规定的，依照其规定。
Article 355 Applicability of Other Laws or Administrative Regulations 　　Where the relevant laws or administrative regulations provide otherwise in respect of technology import/export contracts or in respect of patent contracts or contracts for patent application, such provisions prevail.
第四节 技术咨询合同和技术服务合同Section Four Technical Consulting Contracts and Technical Service Contracts
第三百五十六条技术咨询合同包括就特定技术项目提供可行性论证、技术预测、专题技术调查、分析评价报告等合同。
Article 356 Definitions of Technical Consulting and Technical Service Contracts 　　Technical consulting contracts include contracts for provision of feasibility studies, technical forecast, specialized technical investigation, and analysis and evaluation report, etc. in respect of a particular technical project.
技术服务合同是指当事人一方以技术知识为另一方解决特定技术问题所订立的合同，不包括建设工程合同和承揽合同。
A technical service contract means a contract whereby one party solves a particular technical problem for the other party by utilizing its technical knowledge, excluding a contract for construction project or a contract of hired work.
第三百五十七条技术咨询合同的委托人应当按照约定阐明咨询的问题，提供技术背景材料及有关技术资料、数据；接受受托人的工作成果，支付报酬。
Article 357 Obligations of Client under Technical Consulting Contract 　　The client under a technical consulting contract shall, in accordance with the contract, describe the problem on which consultancy is sought, provide the technical background information as well as related technical materials and data; and accept the work product from, and pay the remuneration to, the consultant.
第三百五十八条技术咨询合同的受托人应当按照约定的期限完成咨询报告或者解答问题；提出的咨询报告应当达到约定的要求。
Article 358 Obligations of Consultant under Technical Consulting Contract 　　The consultant under a technical consulting contract shall complete the consulting report or answer the question within the prescribed period; the consulting report submitted shall comply with the requirements set forth in the contract.
第三百五十九条技术咨询合同的委托人未按照约定提供必要的资料和数据，影响工作进度和质量，不接受或者逾期接受工作成果的，支付的报酬不得追回，未支付的报酬应当支付。
Article 359 Remedies for Breach; Consultant Not Liable for Loss 　　Where the client under a technical consulting contract failed to provide the necessary materials and data in accordance with the contract, thereby impairing the progress and quality of the work, or failed to accept or delayed in accepting the work product, it may not claim refund of the remuneration paid, and shall pay any unpaid remuneration.
技术咨询合同的受托人未按期提出咨询报告或者提出的咨询报告不符合约定的，应当承担减收或者免收报酬等违约责任。
Where the consultant under the technical consulting contract failed to provide the consulting report within the prescribed period or the consulting report submitted does not comply with the contract, it shall be liable for breach of contract by way of reducing or foregoing the remuneration, etc.
技术咨询合同的委托人按照受托人符合约定要求的咨询报告和意见作出决策所造成的损失，由委托人承担，但当事人另有约定的除外。
The client under a technical consulting contract shall bear the loss resulting from any decision made by it based on the complying consulting report and opinion provided by the consultant, except otherwise agreed by the parties.
第三百六十条技术服务合同的委托人应当按照约定提供工作条件，完成配合事项；接受工作成果并支付报酬。
Article 360 Obligations of Client under Technical Service Contract 　　The client under a technical service contract shall, in accordance with the contract, provide the working conditions and complete its tasks of cooperation; accept the work product and pay the remuneration.
第三百六十一条技术服务合同的受托人应当按照约定完成服务项目，解决技术问题，保证工作质量，并传授解决技术问题的知识。
Article 361 Obligations of Service Provider under Technical Service Contract 　　The service provider under a technical service contract shall, in accordance with the contract, complete the services, solve the technical problem, warrant the quality of its work, and communicate the knowledge for solving the technical problem.
第三百六十二条技术服务合同的委托人不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定，影响工作进度和质量，不接受或者逾期接受工作成果的，支付的报酬不得追回，未支付的报酬应当支付。
Article 362 Remedies for Breach 　　Where the client under a technical service contract failed to perform its contractual obligations, or rendered non-conforming performance, thereby impairing the progress and quality of the work, or failed to accept or delayed in accepting the work product, it may not claim refund of the remuneration paid, and shall pay any unpaid remuneration.
技术服务合同的受托人未按照合同约定完成服务工作的，应当承担免收报酬等违约责任。
Where the service provider under a technical service contract failed to complete services in accordance with the contract, it shall be liable for breach of contract by way of forgoing the remuneration, etc.
第三百六十三条在技术咨询合同、技术服务合同履行过程中，受托人利用委托人提供的技术资料和工作条件完成的新的技术成果，属于受托人。委托人利用受托人的工作成果完成的新的技术成果，属于委托人。当事人另有约定的，按照其约定。
Article 363 Ownership of New Technology in Connection with Technical Consulting/Service Contract 　　　In the course of performing a technical consulting contract or a technical service contract, any new technology developed by the consultant or service provider utilizing the technical materials and working conditions provided by the client belongs to the consultant or service provider. Any new technology developed by the client utilizing the work product provided by the consultant or service provider belongs to the client. However, if the parties agree otherwise in the contract, such provision prevails.
第三百六十四条法律、行政法规对技术中介合同、技术培训合同另有规定的，依照其规定。
Article 364 Technology Intermediary Service or Technical Training 　　Where a relevant law or administrative regulation provides otherwise in respect of technology intermediary service contracts or technical training contracts, such provisions prevail.